Showing posts with label Causes. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Causes. Show all posts

Friday, 5 August 2011

Causes Of Vulvar Cancer

It is not clear what causes vulvar cancer. Generally doctors that cancer begins when a cell develops mutations in DNA. The mutations allow the cell to grow and divide rapidly. The cell and its descendants to live, when other normal cells will die. Cells accumulate in the form of a tumor might be cancerous, invading nearby tissues and spread to other parts of the body.

Types of vulvar cancer

Vulvar cancer cells helps the doctor plan the most effective treatment plan. Vulvar cancer most common are:

Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma. This cancer begins in thin, flat cells lining the surface of the vulva. Most vulvar cancers are squamous cell carcinomas.

Vulvar melanoma. This cancer begins in cells that produce pigment in the skin of the vulva.

Thursday, 4 August 2011

Causes Of Vaginal Cancer

Unfortunately, at this point, scientists do not know exactly what causes cancer of the vagina. However, they identified several risk factors for cancer of the vagina. A risk factor is an activity or condition associated with another disease.

Risk factors for vaginal cancer include:

Be 30 years or less, or 60 years and over

Being infected with HPV

Use a vaginal pessary to avoid falling into the vagina to the uterus.

Exposure to the synthetic hormone DES, while the belly

Remember that if you have a risk factor for vaginal cancer, which does not mean they will definitely develop vaginal cancer. Means that they have an increased risk of developing it.

Causes Of Gynecologic Cancer

The causes and risk factors for gynecological cancers varies between different types, but there are some common pitfalls:

HPV infection

Exhibitions (synthetic estrogen to women before 1971 during pregnancy to prevent miscarriage, but ultimately creates risks to the health of the mother and daughter / son did)

smoke

HIV / AIDS

There are also risk factors for gynecological we have no control over such as age, race and family of diseases and conditions that increase risk. A risk factor is not a prerequisite for the development of a disease, some women still develop a gynecologic cancer, despite not having a risk factor for her.

Wednesday, 3 August 2011

Causes Of Testicular Cancer

The exact cause of testicular cancer is unknown. There is no relationship between vasectomy and testicular cancer. Factors that may increase the risk of a man for testicular cancer include:

Abnormal testicular development

The history of testicular cancer

The history of undescended testicle

Klinefelter's syndrome

Other possible causes include exposure to certain chemicals and infection with HIV. A family history of testicular cancer may also increase the risk.

Testicular cancer is the most common cancer in men between 15 and 35. It can occur in older men and, rarely, in young children.

White men are more likely than African-American men and Asian-Americans to develop this type of cancer.

There are two main types of cancer: seminoma and nonseminoma tumors. These cancers develop from germ cells, the cells that produce sperm.

Seminoma: This is a slow growing form of testicular cancer in men is usually in the 30s and 40s. The cancer is usually only the testicles, but may spread to the lymph nodes. Seminomas are highly sensitive to radiotherapy.

Nonseminoma: The more common form of testicular cancer tends to grow more quickly than seminomas. Non-seminoma tumors often consist of more than one cell type, and identified according to these different types of cells:

Choriocarcinoma (rare)

Embryonal carcinoma

Teratoma

Yolk sac tumor

It is a rare type of cancer, testicular cancer. They are usually not cancerous. Two main types of stromal tumors are Leydig cell tumors and Sertoli tumors. Stromal tumors usually occur during childhood.

Causes Of Thyroid Cancer

It is not clear what causes thyroid cancer. Thyroid cancer occurs when cells of the thyroid are genetic changes (mutations). The mutations allow the cells to grow and multiply rapidly. The cells also lose the chance to die, because the cells would be normal. Accumulated abnormal thyroid cells form a tumor. Abnormal cells can invade nearby tissues and can spread throughout the body.

Types of thyroid cancer

The type of thyroid cancer determines the treatment and prognosis. Types of thyroid cancer are:

Papillary thyroid cancer. The type of papillary thyroid cancer is most common, constituting about 80 percent of all diagnoses of thyroid cancer.

Follicular thyroid cancer. Follicular thyroid cancer in Hurthle cell carcinoma.

Medullary thyroid cancer. Medullary thyroid carcinoma may be associated with inherited genetic syndromes, including tumors in other glands. However, the majority of medullary thyroid cancer are sporadic, meaning that they are not linked to inherited genetic syndromes.

Anaplastic cancer of the thyroid. The type of anaplastic thyroid cancer is very rare, very aggressive and difficult to treat.

Thyroid lymphoma. Thyroid lymphoma begins in the cells of the immune system in the thyroid. Thyroid lymphoma is very rare.

Causes Of Pancreatic Cancer

The most important known risk factors for cancer of the pancreas are the following:

Smoke

Advanced age

Male - male to female ratio of pancreatic cancer is 1.3:1.

Chronic pancreatitis - inflammation of the pancreas, often excessive alcohol intake or gallstones

Diabetes mellitus

Familial predisposition to pancreatic cancer

Tuesday, 2 August 2011

Causes Of Ovarian Cancer

Doctors can not always explain why one woman develops ovarian cancer and the other not. However, we know that women with certain risk factors may be more likely than others to develop ovarian cancer. A risk factor is something that can increase the chances of developing a disease.

Studies have shown the following risk factors for ovarian cancer:

Doctors can not always explain why one woman develops ovarian cancer and another does not. But we know that women with certain risk factors may be more likely than others to develop ovarian cancer. A risk factor is anything that may increase the risk of developing a disease.

Family history of cancer: Women who have a mother, daughter or sister with ovarian cancer have an increased risk of disease. In addition, women with a family history of breast, uterus, colon or rectum also may have an increased risk of ovarian cancer.

If several women in a family have ovarian or breast cancer, especially at a young age, this is considered a strong family history. If you have a family history of ovarian or breast cancer, you can talk with a genetic counselor. The counselor may suggest genetic testing for you and the women in his family. Genetic testing can sometimes show the presence of specific genetic changes that increase the risk of ovarian cancer.

More than 55 years: most women are more than 55 years at diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

Personal history of cancer: Women with breast cancer, uterus, colon or rectum are at increased risk of ovarian cancer.

Never pregnant: Older women who have never been pregnant have an increased risk of ovarian cancer.

Menopausal hormone therapy: Some studies have shown that women who self-estrogen (estrogen without progesterone) for at least 10 years may be at increased risk of ovarian cancer.


Having a risk factor does not mean that the woman has cancer of the ovary. Most women who have risk factors do not have ovarian cancer. Moreover, few women make the disease often have no known risk factors, except age. Women who think they can be at risk for ovarian cancer should discuss with their doctor

Causes Of Prostate Cancer

Prostate cancer is the third most common cause of cancer death in men of all ages and is the most common cause of cancer death in men over 75 years. Prostate cancer is rarely found in men younger than 40 years.

People who are at higher risk include:

African-American men are also at risk of developing cancer at any age

Men over 60

Men who have a father or brother with prostate cancer

Others at risk include:

Men exposed to Agent Orange exposure

Men who abuse alcohol

Farmers

Men who eat a diet high in fat, especially animal fat

Workers at the tire factory

Painters

Men who were exposed to cadmium

The low number of cases occurs in Japanese men living in Japan (this advantage is lost after a generation to live in the U.S.) and those who do not eat meat (vegetarians).

A problem common to almost all men as they age, an enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia or BPH). This problem does not increase the risk of prostate cancer.

Causes Of Endometrial Cancer

Endometrial cancer is the most common uterine cancer. Although the exact cause of endometrial cancer, estrogen appears to play an increased role. Estrogen helps stimulate the formation of the endometrium. Studies have shown that a high level of estrogen results in excessive endometrial growth and cancer.

Most of endometrial cancer is the age of 60 and 70 years, but in some cases may occur before the age of 40.

The following factors increase the risk of endometrial cancer:

Diabetes

The estrogen replacement therapy without the use of progesterone

A history of endometrial polyps or other benign tumors of the uterine wall

Infertility (inability to get pregnant)

Infrequent periods

Tamoxifen, a drug for the treatment of breast cancer

Never being pregnant

Obesity

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Starting menstruation at an early age (before age 12)

Starting menopause after age 50

Associated conditions are:

Colon cancer or breast

Gallbladder

Hypertension

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Causes Of Esophageal Cancer

It is not clear what causes esophageal cancer. Esophageal cancer occurs when cells of the esophagus develops errors (mutations) in their DNA. Errors make the cells grow and divide without control. Stored in the form of abnormal cells in the growth of the tumor in the esophagus that can invade nearby structures to grow and spread to other parts of the body.

Esophageal cancers

Esophageal cancer is classified by the type of cells that are involved. The type of esophageal cancer has help determine your treatment options. Types of esophageal cancer are:

Adenocarcinoma. Adenocarcinoma begins in the cells of mucus-secreting glands in the esophagus. Adenocarcinoma usually occurs in the lower esophagus. Adenocarcinoma is the most common form of esophageal cancer in the United States, affecting mostly white males.

Squamous cell carcinoma. Squamous cells are flat cells that line the surface of the esophagus. Squamous cell carcinoma is more common in the middle of the esophagus. Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common esophageal cancer worldwide.

Other rare. Choriocarcinoma is a rare cancer of the esophagus, lymphoma, melanoma, sarcoma and small cell lung cancer.

Causes Of Colon Cancer

Here are several causes of colon cancer. The most common causes of colon cancer are:

Polyps: In most cases considered the main cause of colon cancer. Not all polyps become cancerous, but there is evidence that certain types of polyps can become cancerous in the future and lead to malignant colon cancer. Increasing the size and number of polyps is dangerous

Although age is not directly related to colon cancer is a risk factor as age over the chances of developing polyps also increases, which can sometimes become cancerous and can be the causes of cancer colon. There is evidence that people over age 50 have a high likelihood of developing polyps.

Alcohol, smoking and obesity are risk factors can be causes of colon cancer.

Family history of cancer can cause colon cancer. Women who have had cancer like ovarian cancer, breast cancer, etc. are at high risk of developing the disease. A family story about people who had polyps developed their families are also at risk

There is evidence that any type of chronic inflammation of the bowel can cause colon cancer. This is due to the inflamed areas of colon can lead to abnormal cell development. These abnormal cells become cancerous at any time.

Genetics plays a role in colon cancer. Nearly 25% of cases are said to have some sort of genetic link in their studies.

In general, insulin is said to be one of the leading causes of colon cancer. It is said that people with diabetes have up to 40% more likely to develop the disease than people without diabetes

Causes Of Uterine Cancer

When you receive a diagnosis of uterine cancer, it is natural to think about what might have caused the disease. Doctors usually can not explain why a woman becomes ill with uterine cancer and another does not.

However, we know that women with certain risk factors may be more likely to develop uterine cancer. A risk factor is something that can increase the chance of the disease.

Studies have identified the following risk factors for uterine cancer:

Abnormal growth of the uterus (endometrial hyperplasia): An abnormal growth of cells in the lining of the uterus is a risk factor for cervical cancer. Hyperplasia is not cancerous, but sometimes it develops into cancer. Common symptoms of this disease are heavy menstrual periods, bleeding between periods and bleeding after menopause. Hyperplasia is more common after 40 years.

To prevent endometrial hyperplasia from developing into cancer, your doctor may recommend surgery to remove the uterus (hysterectomy) or hormone treatment with progesterone and regular monitoring of the examinations.

Obesity: Women who are obese are more likely to develop uterine cancer.

The history of reproductive and menstrual: Women have an increased risk of uterine cancer if at least one of the following:

They never had children

If your first menstrual period before age 12

I went through menopause after age 55

History of estrogen use alone: ​​The risk of uterine cancer is higher among women who used estrogen alone (without progesterone) for the hormonal treatment of menopause for many years.

History of tamoxifen: women who took tamoxifen to prevent or treat breast cancer have an increased risk of uterine cancer.

History of radiation therapy to the pelvis: the women who had pelvic radiation therapy are at increased risk of uterine cancer.

Family history: Women with a mother, sister or daughter with cancer of the cervix are at increased risk of developing the disease. Also, women in families with an inherited form of colorectal cancer (known as Lynch syndrome) have an increased risk of uterine cancer.

Many women who develop cervical cancer have none of these risk factors, and many women who have known risk factors do not develop the disease.

Causes Of Throat Cancer

People who smoke or use snuff are at risk of developing throat cancer. Excessive alcohol consumption increases the risk. Smoking and drinking alcohol in combination with a higher risk of throat cancer.

Most cancers of the throat develop in adults older than 50 years. Men are 10 times more likely than women to develop throat cancer.

Causes Of Tongue Cancer

The exact cause of tongue cancer, head and neck is unknown. But there are several risk factors associated with progression of the disease, including smoking, smokeless tobacco and excessive alcohol consumption.

In some cases, the cause of tongue cancer is in doubt for dentures. Men are called high-risk women and this disease affects people over 40 years.

The main reason for cancer of the tongue in Asian countries are chewing tobacco or betel nut with tobacco. This leads to cancer of the mouth, throat or esophagus and throat cancers in these countries. Other risk factors are clear:

Acid reflux

Poor nutrition

Having a weakened immune system

Sunlight

Being exposed to certain chemicals

Virus

Causes Of Stomach Cancer

When you are told you have cancer of the stomach, it is natural to wonder what might have caused the disease. But no one knows the exact causes of stomach cancer. Doctors seldom know why one person develops stomach cancer and others do not.

Doctors know that people with certain risk factors are more likely than others to develop stomach cancer. A risk factor is anything that can increase the chances of getting a disease.

Studies have shown the following risk factors for stomach cancer:

Infection with Helicobacter pylori: H. pylori is a bacterium that usually affects the lining (mucosa) of the stomach. Infection with H. pylori can cause stomach inflammation and peptic ulcers. It also increases the risk of stomach cancer, but only a small number of infected people develop stomach cancer.

In the long term stomach: people who have conditions associated with long-term gastritis (such as anemia, a blood disorder) are at increased risk of stomach cancer. In addition, people who have been part of the stomach may be out long term inflammation of the stomach and an increased risk of gastric cancer for many years of their surgery.

Smoking: Smokers are more likely than nonsmokers to develop gastric cancer. Heavy smokers are at increased risk.

Family history: close relatives (parents, brothers, sisters or children) of a person with a history of stomach cancer is slightly higher chance of developing their disease. If many close relatives have a history of stomach cancer, the risk is even greater.

Poor diet, physical inactivity, and obesity:

Studies suggest that people who eat a diet rich in foods that are smoked, salted or pickled have an increased risk of stomach cancer. On the other hand, people who eat a diet rich in fruits and vegetables have a lower risk for this disease.

Lack of exercise can increase the risk of stomach cancer.

In addition, people who are obese may be at increased risk of developing cancer of the upper stomach.

Most people who have known risk factors do not develop stomach cancer. For example, many people infected with H. pylori, but never develop cancer.

On the other hand, those who develop the disease, sometimes no known risk factors.

Monday, 1 August 2011

Causes Of Liver Cancer

The exact causes of liver cancer is not known at this time. Researchers have identified a number of known risk factors for liver cancer, though. Cirrhosis of the liver, the state is characterized by scarring of the liver, is a risk factor for liver cancer. It has a number of reasons for the excessive, long-term consumption of alcohol is the main reason. Smoking, alcohol abuse and hepatitis are all factors that increase the chances of developing liver cancer.

Other risk factors include hemochromatosis, primary schlerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC).

Causes Of Bone Cancer

Although bone cancer does not have a clearly defined cause, researchers identified several factors that increase the likelihood of developing these tumors.

 Osteosarcoma most often occurs in people taking high doses of external beam radiation or treatment with certain anticancer drugs, children seem to be particularly sensitive.

 A small number of bone cancers are hereditary. For example, children with hereditary retinoblastoma (a rare cancer of the eye) are at increased risk of developing osteosarcoma, particularly if treated with radiotherapy. In addition, people with hereditary defects of bones and people with metal implants, which doctors sometimes used to repair fractures, are more likely to develop osteosarcoma.Ewing's sarcoma is strongly associated with hereditary cancer syndromes, congenital, childhood or previous radiation exposure .

Causes Of Spinal Cancer

Back pain in general, an adult can be associated with a number of reasons.

Most of them are caused by daily exercise, and some may be due to various health problems.

Unfortunately, few cases are due to cancer or spinal cord tumor growth in spinal or near the spinal cord or bones of the spine.

All tumors are cancerous. But if the back pain or not cancer is common and this may lead to other serious health problems if left untreated. The growth of spinal tumor tumor leads to cancer.

Saturday, 30 July 2011

Causes Of Penis Cancer

The exact cause of penile cancer or penile cancer is unknown. It 'widely believed that personal hygiene is a case concerning the disease. The process of removing the foreskin is called circumcision.

Among men who underwent this procedure the chances of developing the disease are low, but for those who have not had circumcision of the foreskin is difficult to remove and clean the area below becomes a problem. If cleaning is neglected the risk of developing cancer of the penis or penis enlargement.

Another risk factor for developing cancer of the penis or penile cancer is a virus called human papillomavirus (HPV). He is responsible for causing warts on the penis increases the risk of developing this cancer. In addition, certain diseases affecting the skin of the penis can go on to become cancer if left untreated.

Causes Of Nose Cancer

The exact cause of nasal cancer, but many risk factors associated with the development of the nose is called cancer.

Some of them are exposure to certain chemicals and metals, personal history of developing other cancers, and some environmental factors.

The metals are nickel and chromium, and chemicals used in production.